Potteries of Tamil Nadu-A View

                 Potteries of Tamil Nadu-A View

Pottery is a mirror that reveals the true history of a place. The history of this pottery begins from the Neolithic period. During this period, gray pottery was produced in large quantities. Initially, it was made by hand, which is called "hand made pottery". After the invention of the wheel, pottery was made using it. This is called "Wheel made" pottery. Hand-made pots have thumb impressions and are irregular in shape. Pottery can be divided into two main types.
1) Indigenous pottery
2) Foreign pottery

Foreign pottery is mostly found in commercial places. These pottery can be considered as a measure of the economic status of ancient people. Some types of pottery are named after the place where they were made. For example, "Andhara ware" AZHANGAN KULAM ROULETTED WARE, "Arritine Ware. Regarding Tamil Nadu, various types of pottery have been found in excavations. In payampalli neolithic and megalithic site excavation found hand made pottery, burnishnig grey ware found in Neolithic Level.

Black and Red ware
most important ceramic Traditions in Megalithic Culture. this dishes have convex side with incurved beaked. which found in many iron age sites in Tamil Nadu. The Black and Red ware made fast wheel with well levigated clay. Internal and External sides well Burnishing with Inverted firing Technology.

Rouletted ware
Fast wheel with levigated Clay- The rouletted ware an unearthed in Arikamedu.Uraiyur,Thirukampuliyur and Vasavasamuthiram. which is Consider as Foreign potters among the Historians and Archeologists.

Red Slipped ware

It is common type Vases,Bowls,Dishes, and Globular pots. flat rim with grooves. in few cases the slip has been applied both Internally and Externally.

Red ware
most common pottery in all excavation. medium fabric with slow wheel turned and jars with turned thickened rim.

Arretine ware
a kind foreign pottery manufactured in Arizona so which is known as "Arretine ware". a red Glazed ware sealing wax to deep orange color. this is also known as "Terra sigillate" Mediterranean region . it is dated to 2nd century BC. Found in all Ancient Trade Center in TamilNadu.

Red Rouletted Ware
 Indigenous origin which is manufactured in Alagankulam that is also known as "Alagankulam ware" fine and well levigated clay. common shape is footless dish.

stamped pottery were collected in Alagankulam small bowl and Cup, well black in color, grey slipped inside pink or grey outside. some of designs on pottery

Northern Black Polished ware and Painted ware

The Pottery Northern black polished ware most significant pottery of Mauryan period and Painted ware is indo gangetic Pottery both ware in north india, which were collected in Alagankulam.

Mat Design Pottery
mat design pottery sherds of light red ware with criss cross pattern were in Alagankulam big sized vases.

Russet Coated Painted Ware

the painted designs were made by application of kaolin basic red slip- Designs wavy band, curvs oblique lines and criss cross pattern

Porcelain ware -
Chinese ware- Glazy nature, white clay (Kaolin) it is known as "sung Porcelain"

Seledon Ware

Chinese ware-Grey-light green and red color green clay with salt coating glazy nature- it is used for stored Grains, this type of pottery were used by Sung Dynasty.

Kari-Giri Glazed ware
A Sanyasi Wodeyar, who lived in Senji Fort, was brought to Karigiri by a Muslim and asked to make glazed pottery for the Nawabs of Arcot. Thus came the Karigiri glazed ware. well clay with black color and glazed.

1) black slipped ware
2) Coarse Red ware
3) Amphora
4) Inited ware
5) Perforated Ware
6) Polished Black Ware
7) Polished Red Ware

Andhra ware
 Red Hal both outer and inner surface potteries with slip mostly Andhra ware found thin and Thick Polished thick rim.

Conclusion
At least 20 types of pottery have been discovered in various excavations in Tamil Nadu. These include foreign types of pots. Pottery is an indicator of the economic and commercial status of the ancient Tamil people.





 


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