What is missing from history

                        What is missing from history 

In this article, you will find archaeological traces that have been lost in history or are unknown to anyone. There are many such little-known historical and archaeological traces in Tamil Nadu and it is the duty of an archaeologist to study them and uncover the history. Because all these can disappear over time.

Puzhal: Puzhal, a town near Chennai, has many archaeological traces. Its cultural period can be divided into 3 types.
1) Iron Age
2) Early Historical Period
3) Historical Period

In Puzhal, which was the capital of the Kurumba tribe, ancient pottery with bones has been found. Also, black and red pottery, Russet coated Painted ware, All Black ware, Brown ware, red ware matrum Arritine ware have been found. In this, "arritine ware" is a special pottery found only in trade areas. Therefore, it can also be considered a place where trade took place. Black and red ware is a Megalithic pottery.

The place where the Kurumba fort was located is now called "Kottaikara Medu". There is a Jain temple of the Pallava or Chola period in Puzhal. During the Pallava period, Puzhal was one of the 24 districts. There are inscriptions in the Manikapperumal temple here and sculptures in the Kandasamy temple. 

There are the foundations of the Nawab era fort inside the Puzhal lake. If we consider its historical period, it continues from the Pallava period to the Nawab period.

Pattipulam

Pattipulam, which is considered to be the place where Kurumbars lived the most, has the Thiru Patteeswarar temple of the Vijayanagara period. This temple was built with black stone and bricks without any vimana or sigar, and was called "Pattipulam" because it had a "patti" where cattle were kept. 

The place where the Kurumbars' fort was called "Vamba Medu" or Manimedu. Ancient pottery, grinding stones, coins,White stone Siva linga and pottery have been found at this place.

Padur 

Colin Mackenzie and his assistants discovered the ancient tomb at Badur in 1816. It was called "Badur" by boatmen on the Buckingham Canal. Over time, it was changed to "Badur". There is a Jain basti. Stone circles of the Neolithic period have been found in the town. It dates back to the Amur region during the Pallavas and Cholas.

Nerumbur
 
The history of Nedumoor, also known as Nerumpur, can be traced back to the Neolithic period. Ancient pottery, pottery, and awls have been found here. The locals call this ancient pottery "Kurumbar Urai Kal". The place where the Kurumbar Fort was located is called Akazipallam.

Tiruvalishwarar Temple 
There is a temple in Nerumpur built during the early Chola period. It does not have a vimana or a shikhara. Although it was built during the Chola period, it was renovated during the later Sambuvariyar and Vijayanagara periods. The temple sanctum sanctorum is found together with the arthamandapam. The arthamandapa wall has Deva kottams with sculptures. In the inscriptions, the Lord is mentioned as "Thiruvaneeswarar". 

There are sculptures of Subramaniar, Suriyar, Nagam and Nandi. There is a tower built with bricks during the Vijayanagara period. During the Chola period, it was called "Nerummur" and "Madurantaka Nallur". It is located in Chembur kottam. This historically important temple is in a state of being destroyed by overgrown plants and needs to be renovated.

Conclusion
We know from inscriptions and archaeological evidence that the above-mentioned towns are special in many ways.




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