Chieftains of TamilNadu in Historical Era

              Chieftains of TamilNadu in Historical Era

The history of Chitrasar has not been revised and written in parallel with the history of the Chera Chola Pandyas who became great rulers in Tamil Nadu. There were various petty kings of the Moovendars and Pallavas who ruled Tamil Nadu, let us look at the most important ones. They strengthened their position by intermarrying with the great rulers.
1) Sambuvarayars
2) Miladudaiyars
3) Chethirayars
4) Malayamaans
6) Mazhavarayars
7) Pazhuvettarayars
8) Velirs
9) Kadavarayars
10) Panars
11) Vanakovarayars
13) Gangars
Although they were subordinate to the great rulers, they have also shown some temples. They have also donated to many temples.

Sambuvarayar
They ruled the areas around Tiruvannamalai, known as the Sambuvarayar district. They were petty kings under the Cholas. The Archaeological Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu conducted excavations at their capital, Padavit. 

Ring wells and brick water channels from the Sambuvarayar period have been discovered here. Some other artifacts have also been discovered. 

Padavit means a place where war troops are held or stationed. The Cholas were not only petty kings but also great during their reign.

Miladudaiyars
Miladudaiyar were generals during the Chola period. Miladudaiyar means those who own the hill country. Over time, it may have been renamed "Miladu".

Malayamans
They ruled from Thirukovilur in Villupuram district as their capital. Malayaman Thirumudi Khari was a Sangam king. They had intermarriage with the Cholas. Sundara Chola's wife and Rajaraja I's mother, Vanavan Madevi, belonged to the Malayaman dynasty. The Thirukovilur inscriptions state that after Sundara Chola died, she ascended the throne with him.

Pazhuvettraiyars

They ruled Trichy, Perambalur and Ariyalur regions with the palm tree as their symbol. They had intermarriage with the Cholas. Chinna Pazhuvettaraiyar and Periya Pazhuvettaraiyar were important. Rajarajan Devi Panchavan Madevi belonged to this clan. They were the ones who determined the politics of the Cholas.

Velirs
The Velir clan was very famous since the Sangam period. During the Sundara Chola period, the Velir clan commander, Bhuti Vikrama Kesari, died a heroic death in a war with the Sri Lankan king. Rajarajan's wife, Vanavan Madhevi, belonged to the Velir clan. The three-man temple in Kodumbalur was built by Velir.

Kaadavarayars
Senthamangalam was the main city of the Kadavarayars, who were descendants of the Pallavas and were responsible for the destruction of the Cholas. They also built a temple there. The Kadavarayar king Kopperunchingan defeated and captured the Chola king Rajaraja III.

Banas
Initially under the rule of the Pallavas, they later came under the rule of the Cholas. They ruled parts of North Arcot with Thiruvalam, near Vellore, as their capital.

Gangas
The Gangas played an important role in the conquest of the northern part of Tamil Nadu by the Cholas. They ruled some parts of North Arcot. They had intermarriage with the Panas. But they joined forces with the Rashtrakutas and defeated the Panas who opposed the Cholas in the Battle of Thiruvala. Hasti Mallen, the second Prithvipathi, was a very important king.

Conclusion
The history of the Petty Kings who contributed to the success of the Three Kings of Tamil Nadu is still not properly written.

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